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Sweden

Franchise & Registration

  • Franchise Age: 18
  • Compulsory Vote: Not compulsory
  • Eligibility Exception: holders of temporary entry permits, undocumented immigrants
  • Expat Residency Requirement: Expatriate citizens always have right to vote with no time limit
  • Registration Type: Automatic registration
  • Registration Basis: Residence requirement

Election Management & Enforcement

  • Nameof EMB: Election Authority
  • Independent EMB: No
  • EMBNominations: 5 members
  • Nameof Elect Enforcement Body: Election Review Board

Candidacy & Campaign Rules

  • Debate Average: 1
  • Debate Format: Multicandidate, four candidates in 2018.
  • Campaign Length Minimum: Not Legally Determined

Electoral System & Organisation

  • Elect System Main Election: Proportional with threshold
  • Main Election Type: Riksdag
  • Main Election Cycle: 4
  • Numb Round Main Election: One
  • Referenda_Law: The following two conditions must be met for a referendum to be binding. The number of those voting against the proposal must be greater than those in favour. In addition to this, those who have voted against must constitute more than half of those who have cast valid votes in the parliamentary election. If this majority is obtained, the newly elected Riksdag may not make any change to the Constitution. Source: The Instrument of the Government Ch. 8, Section 16
  • Referenda_Binding: Sometimes Binding
  • Rules Non Fixed Term: Extra elections are possible but cannot be called by the Prime Minister or any other individual. Instead they happen automatically when and if the Speaker fails four times to present a candidate for Prime Minister that Parliament can accept. Extra elections do not replace regular ones - they do not move the four-year schedule.
  • Voting Machine: None
  • Vote IDRequired: ID check compulsory
  • Polling Card: Polling card sent but not compulsory
  • National Holiday Elect Day: Never
  • Dayof Election: Sunday
  • Districting Source: Parliament
  • Districting Flexibility: For Riksdag elections, Sweden is divided into 29 constituencies. As a rule, each county corresponds to one constituency, with the exceptions of Stockholm, Skåne and Västra Götaland, where Stockholm has two, Skåne four and Västra Götaland five constituencies. For country council assembly elections, a constituency is generally made up,of one or several muncipalities. For muncipal assembly elections, large muncipalities should be divided into constituencies.

Polling Station

  • Normal Opening Time Poll Station: 08:00
  • Normal Closing Time Poll Station: 2000
  • Listof Polling Station Buildings: municipal buildings or a local library
  • Accessibility Requirement: Party to UNCRPD
  • Vote Receipt: No receipt
  • Count Locallyor Centrally: locally
  • Manualor Automatic Count: manual

Ballot Paper

  • Ballot Type: Paper
  • Singleor Multi Paper Ballot: Multiple
  • Max Numberof Votesper Ballot: 3
  • Ballot Paper Type Description: Every party has its own ballot paper. Every voter has one party vote. Additionally a voter may give one preferential vote. In case the word anmälda is printed on the ballot paper the voter may not vote for a candidate that is not listed.
  • Ballot Paper Type Photo Upload: YES
  • Orderof Candidatesor Parties: Non Applicable

Remote Voting

  • Temporal Remote Voting: Automatic right
  • Geographical Remote Voting: Automatic right
  • Personal Remote Voting: No
  • Time Temporal Remote: 2
  • Remote Voting List: Voters may cast their votes in advance before election day at any Swedish post office, and at care facilities (hospitals, elderly homes), prisons etc. Disabled people who cannot go to the polling station or to any other vote reception place may vote by “messenger”, where the voter prepares their vote in secrecy in presence of a witness and a messenger (see Swedish Elections Act). Swedish citizens abroad may vote in advance at Swedish foreign missions or by mail. Mail voting from abroad is regulated by a special legal act and requires special material (Mail Voting in Certain Cases Act). Proxy Vote. Advance Voting.
  • Mobile Polling Stations: Yes

Special Needs

  • Provision First Time Voters: Educating the Voter about the Electoral Process: The Swedish Election Authority
  • Provision Illiterate Voters: training for polling station officials on how to assist people with intellectual disabilities
  • Provision Linguistic Ethnic Minorites: information about elections in 21 different languages.
  • Provision Blind Voters: information about elections in Braille or large text for people with visual impairment, audio options providing information about elections were available for people with visual impairments, and sign language information
  • Provision Deaf Voters: Elections Act (2005) provides for voting assistance by clerks (but does not specify that a person can vote with the assistance of a person of their choosing). The same act provides that persons who cannot enter an inaccessible polling station may deliver their votes to polling personnel outside. Persons can vote via a chosen assistant or proxy (for example if they are blind, deafblind, have mobility impairments, have an intellectual disability, or are an older person) or can ask for support at the voting place.
  • Provision Motor Handicap Voters: Elections Act (2005) provides for voting assistance by clerks (but does not specify that a person can vote with the assistance of a person of their choosing). The same act provides that persons who cannot enter an inaccessible polling station may deliver their votes to polling personnel outside. Persons can vote via a chosen assistant or proxy (for example if they are blind, deafblind, have mobility impairments, have an intellectual disability, or are an older person) or can ask for support at the voting place.

Targeted Initiatives

  • History Major Changes: Adoption of a unicameral structure.

Inclusivity Provisions